ME55-APPLIED HYDRAULICS AND PNEUMATIC S UNIT I FLUID POWER SYSTEMS AND FUNDAMENTALS UNIT II HYDRAULIC SYSTEM & COMPONENTS UNIT III DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS UNIT IV PNEUMATIC SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS UNIT V DESIGN OF PNEUMATIC CIRCUITS What is fluid power? Fluid power is energy transmitted and controlled by means of a pressurized fluid, either liquid or gas. The term fluid power applies to both hydraulics and pneumatics. Hydraulics uses pressurized liquid, for example, oil or water; pneumatics uses compressed air or other neutral gases. Fluid power can be effectively combined with other technologies through the use of sensors, transducers and microprocessors. How fluid power works Pascal's Law expresses the central concept of fluid power: "Pressure exerted by a confined fluid acts undiminished equally in all directions." An input force of 10 pounds (44.8 N) on a 1-square-inch (6.45 cm2) piston develops a pressure of 10 pounds per square inch (ps